Perhaps you have a guess as to what I'm talking about in the title. The Bible? The Qur'an? Manifesto of the Communist Party? Indeed, just about any book by Karl Marx was and is readily misunderstood by a great many people.
If not any of the above, then what else could I be talking (or typing, as the case may be) about?
How about the Constitution of the United States of America. If you live in the US, I dare you to quote something out of the Constitution. No, really. Think about it, and try to remember something, anything, that it says, and BE ACCURATE. How about the Bill of Rights? Anyone? Some people can’t even tell me the difference between the Bill of Rights and the Constitution.
The truth is, although Americans are BIG on their 'Constitutional Rights', you'd be hard pressed to find someone who can define any of the rights that they are actually guaranteed by the Constitution, and many of the ‘rights’ people blather about aren’t rights at all. First Amendment. What is it? Can you define it? It promises freedom of speech and religion. Can you define what that means? I can. How about the Second Amendment to the Constitution. I'm sure lots of you know that has to do with gun rights. Can anyone out there actually tell me WHAT the Second Amendment says, or better yet, what it means?
Can someone, anyone, anywhere on the planet, PLEASE tell me what the role of the United States Government truly is?
If you can't answer any of those questions, read on. Perhaps you'll learn a little more about things. Maybe you'll find yourself agreeing with things you never thought you would agree with. I won’t go through the entire Constitution. I’ll just go through the first ten amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights.
Let's start with the first example I gave you, freedom of speech. Where in the Constitution is the freedom of speech defined? Everyone knows they're free to say what they want, but where is that defined? What does it mean to have 'freedom of speech'?
Freedom of speech is guaranteed under the First Amendment. The First Amendment reads:
- Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Awesome. What does that mean? Let’s take it one step at a time. First,
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; Pretty straight forward. Hopefully you already understand it. Plain English, it says “Congress can’t tell you what religion you can or cannot be, nor can they advocate for any specific religion.” Yes, it’s that simple. This is where people get their mistaken idea of the “separation of church and state”. There is NO clause requiring any separation. “In God We Trust” can be printed on our money, and the Ten Commandments can be carved on our courthouses. There is no Constitutional Prohibition against that.
Next,
or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; Congress cannot tell you what you can or cannot say, and they have no right to control the media. Ignore, for a moment, the fact that we have absolutely no unbiased news source in this nation. Fox News (with a slogan of “Fair and Balanced”) obviously favors the Right. Most of the other major news outlets strongly favor the left. So, if you want to be “fair and balanced”, watch CNN and Fox, and compare the stories form each to the other.
Lastly,
or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. You have the right to protest, and you have the right to address any issues you have with the government. In our modern times, that typically means going after what you what in court, or dealing with the administrative complaint process for whatever department you are having an issue with.
That’s the end of the First Amendment. On to the Second Amendment.
- A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
This has been the center of many, many arguments for a number of years, and the right has been slowly whittled away for years. One of the biggest sources of these arguments is the use of the word ‘militia’ in the document. Those who lean towards having fewer individual gun rights tend to read that to mean that the military should be well armed. Anyone know the definition for ‘militia’? Available from Google, there are two definitions that I believe are especially helpful in arguing against that view.
- A military force of civilians to supplement a regular army in an emergency.
- A military force that engages in rebel activities.
The first definition would seem to apply to our Military Reservists and National Guard members nicely. At the time of writing the Constitution, those didn’t really exist. Guarding the nation was left to the citizens of the nation, and they would rise up as patriots to defend their home in times of peril. This was one of the main reasons for the Second Amendment. The other major purpose was for us to defend ourselves against our government, when the time came. Thus, the second definition.
The founding fathers were wise enough to know that no government is truly benign, and over time all things change. They wanted the people to have a way to ensure their freedom against enemies from abroad, as well as enemies from within.
Next,
No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Again, pretty simple and straight forward. It was put there to protect people against military members who may claim some ‘right’ to the property of a citizen. It specifically states that during peace time, they have no right to your property, but leaves a whole for time of war “in a manner to be prescribed by law.” They did this intentionally, as the threat of an invasion from another nation was very real and strong in their time, and they were not sure what may be required to defend this nation.
The Fourth,
- The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
This is a lovely thought. Too bad it’s violated every day by thousands of police all across the nation. In a nutshell, it says any government official that wants to search you, your home, or any personal property (like your car) needs to go through the proper channels (like a court) and prove to someone that they have a valid reason to want to search you. Baring that, if they have reason to believe that a life is in danger, like hearing a blood curdling scream for help from inside your home, they can of course kick in the door and see what’s up.
In reality, there have been a number of laws passed that explicitly violate the Fourth Amendment by granting police powers to search based on observations made in the field, without going through a court or judge and proving they have a valid reason. One of the most troubling to me is searching a home based on the smell of pot. This troubles me for several reasons, but the most pertinent are that marijuana should not be illegal (at a minimum, not at the federal level, since nowhere in the Constitution is the US Government authorized to regulate any consumption it’s citizen choose to partake in), and the abundance of different incenses that smell similar to marijuana. Not to mention an officer can say “I smelled marijuana, and proceeded to kick in the door and search” any time they have a suspicion they want to check out. The Fourth Amendment is near death, and the Feds continually try to turn off the life support.
The Fifth Amendment,
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
It’s a bit long winded, but here goes.
1) If you’re being charged with a capital crime, you will need to be indicted by the Grand Jury, who reviews the evidence against the person and decides if there is enough evidence to bring formal charges against that person (excepting military members while on active duty)
2) It is illegal to try you for the same crime twice.
3) You cannot be forced to testify against yourself (you likely have heard someone “plead the fifth” in a movie somewhere – this is what that means)
4) You cannot be imprisoned or otherwise punished without first having been convicted of a crime, nor can the government take your land from you to use for some public project without providing some compensation.
Yeah, the Fifth Amendment really crams a lot in, but it’s very closely related stuff. The Sixth Amendment does sort of the same thing, and is also closely related to the Fifth.
- In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense.
Broken down, that means that you have a right to not rot in jail waiting for a trial forever, and you should be tried by people of the same general region where the crime was committed. You have the right to representation by attorney, and you have the power to force people to appear before the court and offer testimony if you believe their testimony will help your case. Further, you have the right to face your accuser and know what crime you’re being accused of. Facing your accuser is rather a moot point, since typically it will be “the People of the State of” or “the People of the County of” or something similar. The Seventh is again related, although this applies to civil cases against you, as opposed to criminal cases.
- In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
In a nutshell, this means you have the right to have a jury determine the verdict in civil cases as well as criminal cases. Although, the majority of civil cases end in small claims court, as the cases are usually smaller in nature and are more quickly, easily, and cost effectively handled in such a court.
The Eighth Amendment follows along with the current trends, and spells out a few more details of what cannot be done to you by a Judge or jury.
- Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Seems pretty straight forward again. If you run over someone’s cat, you can’t be fined $10,000,000. Unless, of course, they can somehow prove that cat was worth $10,000,000. Possible, but not likely. Further, the judge can’t sentence you to be beaten bloody with a baseball bat for speeding.
The Ninth Amendment is a security blanket, of sorts.
- The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
This one’s easy. It means just because it’s not listed in the Constitution does not mean that you can’t do it, or that the government can do it. It’s saying that the Constitution is not all inclusive, and shouldn’t be considered as such.
Finally, the Tenth Amendment. My favorite, and probably the most under-utilized of the bunch.
- The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
What does this mean? Simple, and elegant. It means if the Constitution does not say the Federal Government CAN do a thing, it explicetely CAN NOT! EPA, Department of Energy, Department of Education….. and many, many more. Likely hundreds more. All are illegal, per the Tenth Amendment.
Additionally, the Tenth Amendment says that if the Constitution doesn’t specifically say the States CAN NOT do a thing, it is implied that the power to do as they will inherently remains with the States, or the people who reside in them. So the Feds can do only what is specifically given to them to do in the Constitution, and the States can do anything they want to do that is not specifically forbidden them by the Constitution. That’s a lot of power that is reserved for the States and citizens of the States, and denied the US Government.
Yet, the United States attacked the legally formed free nation of the Confederate States of America, and forced them to join the Union. Then they forced them to pay for the majority of the costs of the war for both sides.
There are many, many hundreds of examples throughout our history of the Federal Government violating the constitution. Most are not as graphically horrible as the War Between the States, which resulted in some 600,000 dead, but they are violations non-the-less. ANY violation of the Constitution is unacceptable, and must be fought tooth and nail. Every violation takes a tiny step towards a total loss of your individual liberties, and brings tyranny and despotism a little closer to being the new '’American Way’.
You’ve just taken a positive first step towards defending those rights by reading this and learning what is actually defined. Congratulations, you are now a defender of liberty. Defend it well.